TThe Diary of a CEO
← All frameworks
Leadership

Principle-Led Crisis Decisions

Use declared principles when unstable data cannot predict the outcome

Difficulty
Advanced
Time to result
~days to results
Steps
6
Confidence
99%

In a crisis, Chesky distinguishes a business decision—chosen by predicting the best outcome—from a principle-led decision, which asks how the organisation should act even when the outcome is unknowable. Leaders first declare the moment consequential, then write the principles that will govern it. His Airbnb list included acting decisively, considering all stakeholders, preserving cash, preparing to win the next travel season, and considering how choices would be remembered. The leader must manage their own psychology as well: optimism should be grounded in basic facts, not denial, because teams read the leader's conviction and creativity is needed to find alternatives beyond two bad options. Financial information remains an input, but it does not alone determine the decision.

Origin

Chesky says he developed these principles after Airbnb lost 80% of its business in eight weeks during the COVID-19 crisis before its planned IPO.

Core principles

  • 01A crisis can make historical data unreliable
  • 02Principles guide conduct even when outcomes cannot be predicted
  • 03Realistic optimism creates room for creative alternatives
  • 04Financial constraints matter but should not be the sole input
  • 05A crisis reveals and defines organisational character

How to run it

  1. 1

    Frame the defining moment

    Acknowledge the severity of the situation and decide that the organisation's response will define it rather than merely interrupt it.

    Pro tip Ground the frame in the facts that still support survival and service.

    Watch out Optimism without reality becomes denial.

  2. 2

    Write governing principles

    Before evaluating individual actions, state how you intend to decide under uncertainty and what must be protected.

    Pro tip Include stakeholders, cash, speed, future readiness, and legacy.

  3. 3

    Stabilise leadership psychology

    Recognise that the team will read the leader's fear or grounded confidence as information about the situation.

    Pro tip Communicate the factual basis for confidence rather than performing certainty.

    Watch out Chesky presents this as leadership experience, not a clinical rule.

  4. 4

    Decide across the whole picture

    Consider strategy, finances, stakeholders, and emotional consequences together instead of allowing one input to dominate.

    Pro tip Ask how you would want the choice to be remembered.

    Watch out Considering emotions does not remove the need to preserve cash.

  5. 5

    Create a third path

    When the visible options are both poor, recombine available resources and ideas into a workable alternative.

    Pro tip Use cross-functional creativity because the answer may not belong to one department.

  6. 6

    Prepare for recovery

    While surviving the present, organise the company to compete when demand or operating conditions return.

    Pro tip Define the next viable season specifically for your market.

In the wild

Airbnb's pandemic response

After Airbnb's business fell sharply, the company cut about a quarter of its workforce while extending support described in the interview, including health-care provisions and an alumni directory. Chesky says the remaining team reorganised and rebuilt the company before demand began recovering and the IPO resumed.

Airbnb survived the shock, recovered, and completed its public offering later in 2020.

Illustrative supply interruption

Illustrative example: a manufacturer facing a sudden supplier collapse declares that safety, transparent customer communication, cash preservation, and retention of critical skills govern every choice. It pauses lower-priority products and co-designs a simpler substitute rather than choosing between unsafe production and total inactivity.

The company protects its principles while creating a bounded route through the disruption.

Common mistakes

Waiting for stable data

In a fast-moving crisis, historical data may no longer describe the conditions leaders must act within.

Optimising only for cash

Cash preservation is necessary, but using finance as the sole criterion can ignore stakeholder and long-term consequences.

Projecting unsupported certainty

Useful optimism needs a basis in reality; otherwise it obscures rather than enables sound action.

Is it for you?

Best for

It is best for leaders facing severe uncertainty, constrained resources, and consequential stakeholder trade-offs.

Not ideal for

It is not ideal for routine decisions where stable evidence can reliably compare outcomes.

From the transcript

in a crisis you make principal decisions not business decisions

Brian Chesky · (1:09:00)

act decisive with all stakers of Mind preserve cash win for the next travel season

Brian Chesky · (1:10:00)

creativity is that third path

Brian Chesky · (1:11:00)

From the episode

Airbnb CEO: “IT WAS SO DARK WE NEARLY DIED!”. I Was Lonely, Deeply Sad & Wanted To Be Loved! [INSPIRING!] Brian Chesky